Civil Rights Court Case Griggs V. Duke Power Co - 1375 Words

Civil Rights Court Case: Griggs V. Duke Power Co (Case Study Sample) Content: Name Professor Course Date Civil Rights Court Case: Griggs V. Duke Power Co Introduction Case laws, statutes and activities of civil rights groups, unions and the media have influenced the evolution of civil rights in the US. Decisions made by courts over the last 200 years have contributed significantly to the evolution of civil rights in the country. This research paper seeks to analyze the court decision in Griggs V. Duke Power Co, a civil rights case that involved discrimination and adverse effects on employees. The supreme court of the United States made the decision in 1970. Arguably, prohibition of American companies from applying some requirements that discriminate employees based on qualifications and tests that do not pertain to their performance originates from this case. Background to the case Facts The case involves the policy at the Duke Power Company employment policy of 1950s that allowed black people to work in the labor section of the company. Employees in this department were the least paid in the company. Sometimes in 1955, the Duke Power Company started asking employees to present their IQ test results in addition to high school diplomas (Frum 247). After the Civil Rights Act came to play, the Duke Power Company decided to remove all its racial restrictions. However, the restriction on high school diploma was maintained (Frum 247). This initiative brought a lot of controversy because most black people did not have high school diplomas and were more likely to score low IQ scores than the white people. Therefore, African Americans were selected at lower rates at the company compared with their white counterparts. However, analysts found that the white employees who had been working at the company and had no high school diplomas performed their jobs to the expected standar ds even though they had not undergone IQ tests (Frum 249). Issue Griggs and other employees (hereby called Griggs) sued the company, accusing it of discriminating against African-American communities. The case was brought before the Supreme Court and was heard by Justice Warren E Burger, the Chief Justice, and six other associate judges. Law and Application The significant statute applied in this case was the Civil Rights Act of 1964. According to the jury, section VII of the Act requires employers to demonstrate evidence of the relevance of such tests as IQ and academic qualifications to the job performance. This section was interpreted to mean that employment tests are prohibited under the law if they are used as a decisive factor in making decisions on employment. In addition, the bench argued that the test was not a reasonable measure of the employees' ability to perform. Ruling The requirements to have both qualifications (High IQ scores and a high school diploma) were found to be "broad based" and not applicable to determine an employee's level of performance at the specific job position (Greenhouse A21). The court held that these requirements were violating section seven of the statute and that it was wrong for the company to discriminate against some minority ethnic groups. The petitioner's lawyer, Mr. Julius Chambers, argued "à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦some requirements are irrelevant to certain jobs and have the effect of disqualifying some people due to their ethnicitiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦" (Martin A17). This argument motivated the court's decision, thereby ruling in favor of the petitioner. Importance of the case law in the evolution of American civil rights The court ruling in Griggs v. Duke Power Company contributed significantly to the evolution and development of civil right laws in the United States. In particular, this case touched the issue of discrimination in employee hiring process, especially based on racial differences. For instance, due to social and economic backgrounds, African-Americas and other minority groups had fewer chances of obtaining a high school diploma and high IQ scores compared to members of the white majority groups. In fact, the particular case involved the company's plant in Dan River, North Carolina. Historically, this area had a long history of racial discrimination at the workplace. Secondly, apart from racial discrimination at the workplace, it is evident that the case ruling provides guidance for companies when they seek to make decisions on employment requirements. In particular, the ruling in the case provides evidence of protection of civil rights during the employment process. The requirement to h ave such tests as IQ and academic certificates should be used only when the particular job position advertised relates to the test and academic level. This ruling seems to prohibit companies from making oppressive employee requirements that do not pertain to the level of employee performance. In addition, the judges argued that employers should provide enough evidence to show that certain tests and qualifications are necessary for employee performance at the workplace. Failure to do so, a company would be violating the provisions of The Civil Rights Act. However, in 1991, the Supreme Court removed this burden by arguing that employers are only supposed to produce evidence of the tests within the context of business justifications. This decision was made for the ruling in Wards Cove Packing Company v. Antonio. According to Frum (242), prior to the ruling in Griggs V Duke Power Company, the US laws did not provide employers with a line separating intentional wrongs from unintentional wrongs when treating potential employees equally by their appearances. In addition, the case was cited in Ricci v. DeStefano case in which Justice Ginsburg argued that the conclusion in Griggs case prohibits overt discrimination as well as other practices that are unfair in their form and operation. However, this decision seems to have been overturned in Ricci v DeStefano. The impact of the case on civil rights conflicts in the US A number of rulings against discrimination at the workplace have been made since 1800s.Nevertheless; the decision in this particular case shows evidence of the court's focus on internal affairs and policies in business and corporations. In this context, it is clear that this case has an impact on the silent but old practice of companies to discriminate against certain groups of people when hiring. Specifically, there have been debates concerning the practice of using internal employment policies to target some groups of people and reduce or eliminate chances of hiring employees from other groups ...

The Deconstruction of Raskolnikov as Ãœbermensch Essay...

THE DECONSTRUCTION OF RASKOLNIKOV AS ÃÅ"BERMENSCH ‘Murderer!’ he said suddenly, in a low but clear and distinct voice (pg. 231). In just one word (Part 3, Chapter VI of Crime and Punishment), the stranger’s direct label is a stabbing remark in opposition of Raskolnikov’s assumed identity. It is the debasement of a man-god, to be more apt a superman, who is ever so close to falling off the perch and into the abyss. â€Å"It was impossible to be sure, but it seemed to Raskolnikov that his face again wore its coldly hostile and triumphant smile† (231). Raskolnikov as the extraordinary man seeks not greatness but justice to serve his pursuits. The elevation is left to the ordinary people who are willing subordinates as puppets along the string.†¦show more content†¦Crime is â€Å"prestuplenie† in Russian meaning transgressing whilst stepping over a boundary. Raskol is a word meaning schism and it is fitting when applied to the boundary Raskolnikov straddles. Staying on one side or cross ing over to the other is a key binary opposition in this chapter. Crossing over is akin to realizing the incomprehensible and that is heroic. Good and evil are abstract terms with superfluous meanings to the superman that are replaced with the all important word â€Å"justice†. The superman goes beyond good and evil by being morally skeptical of the adoptive constraints placed on the ordinary people. Albeit, this comes with a caveat as Raskolnikov tirelessly tries in vain to subjugate his conscience and love as well as contempt for people threatens his identity. In this vein, I am inclined to agree with Sergei V. Belov when he states â€Å"whatever I might be, whatever I might do, whether I should be a benefactor of humanity or whether I would suck out its vital juices like a spider, --- that does not matter to me. I know that I want to rule, and that is enough† (490). Here lies the conflict between the will to power and the will to serve that challenges the theory. In catering to the love of the ordinary people, the superman inadvertently reaches for the respect which brings them to his eye level and in effect grants them the

Workplace Violence and Hospital Safety - 1468 Words

Hospital Safety Workplace violence is a serious issue in all workplace settings in the United States, health care included. It is unfortunate that places that offer services to help better people’s health and lives are also places that experience terrifying life-threatening situations, but this is sadly the case. Between the years of 2000 and 2011, there were 154 documented, hospital-related shooting events in 148 hospitals across the nation that affected 253 victims (Kelen, Catlett, Kubut, Hsieh, 2012). Not only is workplace violence physically harmful to the health care staff and patients, but it also causes emotional harm. According to Blando, O’Hagan, Casteel, Nocera, and Peek-Asa, â€Å"Potential for violence affects nurse performance,†¦show more content†¦A study was then conducted to measure the outcome of this passed bill and whether or not it succeeded in lowering rates of workplace violence in hospitals. â€Å"This study compares surveys of emergen cy nurses before and after implementation of AB508 [Hospital Security Act].† Emergency departments in hospitals in California were surveyed in 1990 regarding violent events and the security programs implemented in those departments. The same departments were resurveyed in 2000 and there were fewer reported violent acts after the implementation of AB508 (Peek-Asa et al., 2002). Recommendations and Reasoning Regarding the issue of Elizabeth Zimmerman Memorial Hospital (EZMH), the cross-department committee has decided on a few new strategies to ensure this tragedy never occurs again. There will be some new additions to the facility as well as some improvements of aspects that are already present in the facility. It is imperative that every personnel working in EZMH, whether he/she is a health care professional or not, isShow MoreRelatedA Interview About A Hospital Security Guard And A Police Officer874 Words   |  4 PagesIn reality, there are limited places that violence cannot happen, however, we are often surprised by some of the places violence does take place. One of the places many don’t expect violence to take place is in the hospital. Hospitals are designed to promote safety and provide medical care and nursing treatment for sick or injured people. Unfortunately, on January 12, 2016 a hospital security guard and a police officer endured near-fatal shootings by a drug-affected patient in Nepal. Rachel OldingRead MoreThe Method Section Of The Final Research Proposal1562 Words   |  7 PagesThe Method Section of the Final Research Proposal To get a clear understanding of what causes workplace violence, negativity and employees not speaking up within an organization a Quantitative research survey methods will be used, â€Å"primary and secondary research†. In the primary research a survey will be presented to participants to gain insight on their feeling toward workplace violence, negativity and employees refusing to speak up about the occurrence within their work environment. The secondaryRead MoreWorkplace Violence Prevention and Management Program973 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace Violence Prevention and Management Program Recent events in Hawaii have made both employers and employees more aware of workplace violence and they are getting more concerned regarding their personal safety. The Xerox shooting and the Sheraton stabbing are good examples of such violent episodes. 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Research shows that these issues have been inflating across the country, and require immediate solutions to stem this growing tide. Thesis Statement Even though nursing has great benefits such as health insurance, great pay, and the fact that you get to help people, nursing has many issues. Some of the issues of the nursing profession include work place violence, short staffing and hazardous environmentsRead MoreGun Violence Essay1234 Words   |  5 Pages Violence has become a major health issue in the society. Workplace violence is one of the areas that continues to witness a rise. This takes various forms, inclusive are bullying and active gun shooter incidents. This paper will discuss this problem in relation to Nursing. Article Discussion Sadly, gun violence has become a part of everyday life in the United States. 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As CMS has targeted focus on the Culture of Safety, the timing is ideal to continue to take steps to further this change. As the goals of a healthcare related workplace violence policy include: a reduction in workplace violence; a system to track and trend high-risk and/or repeat offenders; and an expansion of resources available toRead MoreLateral Violence And Workplace : Essay1556 Words   |  7 PagesLateral Violence and Workplace Incivility Introduction The lateral violence comes in many forms and in many ways, such as abuse in the workplace that occur between colleagues, it can be verbal or nonverbal aggression, intimidation, bullying, harassment, discrimination, stereotyping, gossiping, criticism, and other related mistreatment behavior at work. Institutional lateral violence also happens between manager and subordinate where they can use their higher position to perpetrate assault to theirRead MoreViolence Against Student Nurses and Newly Registered Nurses1070 Words   |  5 PagesViolence against student nurses and newly registered nurses Abstract Workplace violence toward student nurses and newly registered nurses must be eliminated. Nursing students and new nurses are particularly vulnerable to acts of violence. This article discusses the status of the workplace violence of nurses, the effects of violence on students and new nurses, and some strategies can be used to reduce the workplace violence to nurses. Keywords: student nurses, newly registered nurses, workplace

Traditional Art vs Digital Art free essay sample

Traditional art VS Digital art Fri, May 15, 2009 News Because we live in a century dominated by technology innovation, art itself has been offered new creative horizons. But these new advantages have not been considered so beneficial for the art by some conservative art lovers, who believe that if the art is not created using traditional tools (pen, oils, watercolor, etc. ) that art cannot be considered true art (true in the meaning of recognizing it’s real values). Even if the painting, the design or the sketch is created using   traditional tools, just a pencil and paper, or a drawing tablet, both reflect in the same way the artist’s creative effort and talent.? What is really offending nowadays, due to this technology, is that many people pretend to have â€Å"become artists† just because he/she can easily combine some Photoshop brushes. The main question that stands is: how much of that person’s talent is reflected in that resulting piece of art? That depends very much on the person behind the technology. We will write a custom essay sample on Traditional Art vs Digital Art or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If the person who wants to create ART using the computer is an ARTIST, the resulting piece of digital stuff is ART, without the artist, drawing and manipulating programs can’t do a thing.? Sometimes it’ very hard to discern between the real artists and the ones who are just playing with the tools provided by digital programs. There are also some artists, who pretend their art is totally innovative, abstract or exceeds the limits of imagination by disposing mixtures of abstract elements and finally call it ART. The limits of deciding are actually fragile, because everything that is considered to be ART is decided to be valuable, innovative or absolutely worthless, by   subjective points of view, and a design that is considered to be total crap for one might look absolutely amazing in some others’ opinion. That’s true concerning all kinds of tastes. ?To that, many artists are still attached to those sensitive feelings that traditional art gives, that intimacy between yourself and the blank paper, that process of transforming the paper in front of your eyes, touching it, etting dirty or wrapping it when everything goes wrong. These are feelings that cannot be experienced in front of a monitor.? But although modern art is made of true and false artists, talented and crooks, innovative or copy cats, we cannot ignore the BENEFITS that digital technology has brought.? Digital art is also considered the art of the future, because it provides infinite opportunities for the artist to expand his imagination and show us the   crazy and amazing things he can do just by using a mouse, a drawing tablet and his skills. These things can be considered wrong and â€Å"evil† only by those artists who have been painting all their life in the traditional old style and cannot accept or cannot adapt to new techniques.? Digital art can be considered innovating also for the classical process approach:   programs like Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, After Effect, not to speak about the 3d ones, 3D Studio Max and Maya offers the artist many electronic brushes, pen tools, endless colors and combination, which make their life and the process of creation much easier and pleasant. Amazing   illustrations   and images that seemed impossible to create in the past, are possible with the help of new technologies. The progress that digital artist are achieving nowadays   in the fantasy/sci-fi field is mind blowing. Even though, there are also charcoal nudes or portraits who carry along profound aesthetic emotions for the viewer.? People may say that when an artist creates a   digital piece of art, that piece of art can be printed or sold in various forms in an infinite number of identical copies, and in the same time, that element which is so important for visual art lovers is lost: the uniqueness. But let’s keep in mind that copies of many famous traditional paintings have been manually created by the painters themselves, in order to satisfy as many collectors as possible.? Probably in the future, digital art will be considered traditional as well. But today, it’s the artists’ decision to choose the ways of expression f or their talent. http://blog. tshirt-factory. com/? p=678

Placing Your Own Persuasive Essay Sample Topics In The Right Places

Placing Your Own Persuasive Essay Sample Topics In The Right PlacesPlacing your own persuasive essay sample topics in the appropriate places for you to use when writing a persuasive essay, will enhance the quality of your essay. When you are in the middle of writing an essay, this technique will help you go through what you have written and provide the reader with more information. It is suggested that you place your essay sample topics in the right places.When writing a persuasive essay, it is important to make sure you have the correct ideas for what you are writing about. Writing your own persuasive essay topic can be difficult at times. Many students who are creating persuasive essays do not like to write them because they find it stressful to write essays by themselves, but if you use a few tips, you will find this writing a lot easier.Placing your persuasive essay sample topics in the right places, will allow you to have the right ideas for your essay, instead of just rambling on. In writing an essay, it is important to give information to the reader, so the reader can absorb the information you have given them. If you are unsure of what to write about, start with something small and change it as you go along, to make the entire essay more interesting and informational.Writing an essay can be very difficult, especially if you have never written any before. If you have ever done a high school or college level English class, you will notice that many students tend to create essays with very little information, but this is not a good idea.Using a few tips can help you be more effective with your persuasive essay, by being able to write effectively. Placing your essay sample topics at the right places will help the information is a little more interesting.The most common places to place your persuasive essay sample topics is in the first paragraph, and in the conclusion. Placing these essays in the right places, will allow you to add extra information to the essay.If you are struggling with writing a persuasive essay, there are several things you can do to help improve your writing skills. Having a personal speaking model, and attending a professional writing program can help. However, if you do not have the time to devote to learning how to write an essay, writing your own persuasive essay sample topics is a great way to improve your writing skills, and get some ideas for more effective persuasive essays.

The Dos and Donts of Crime Essay Topics

The Do's and Don'ts of Crime Essay Topics To begin with, you ought to carefully pre-screen your employees. It is likewise not best to talk about all the particulars of your business with your clients and employees. Community service is another means to reform offenders. Because some individuals have not achieved enough education, they are extremely eager to bite into any work offer. There's no unanimous agreement as to whether the U.S. and the remainder of the developed world are facing a hate crime epidemic. As of today, there's no single explanation as to the reason why folks commit hate crimes. After that, explain that character's deception and discuss the way the deception contributes to the significance of the novel overall. The sad news is it is being committed even in first-world countries wherein human rights ought to be respected. In the past few years, New York has received plenty of attention for their stop and frisk rules. Crime now gets loads of praise and is regarded as a way of survival by a substantial number of youth. It will be on the rise during the summer months, and it is best to be prepared for anything. Individuals who commit crimes frequently have no other means of building a living. The majority of the questions are on current topics, therefore staying updated with what's going on in the world will truly help you think of ideas. The topic has to be interesting, the topic has to be essential and finally the topic has to be informative. The point is that someone with a wide ranging vocabulary needs to be in a position to speak about any of the usual essay topics easily using words that are particular to that topic. In choosing your topic, it's frequently a good concept to start out with a subject which you already have some familiarity with. The case in Florida isn't much different from that of the United States of america in general. Crime is part of every culture on earth and, consequently, is the topic of intense r esearch. The connection between race and crime in the USA has been a subject of public controversy and scholarly debate for over a century. Steer clear of these mistakes to create your research paper really brilliant! Another well-known truth is that the list of law topics for essays usually will come with some type of a twist, so you need to dig deeper and find the cases to appeal to, court orders you can depend on and far more evidence to back up your thesis. While preparing a legal essay many students believe they need to clarify each matter or describe every test case so as to prove their perspective, whereas everything they need to do is simply handle a similar case. Every student who enters the course associated with the Legal studies is supposed not just to cover a huge number of weekly reading but in addition regular writing assignments that lots of students find both complex and exhausting. The Key to Successful Crime Essay Topics It is extremely easy to generate an error in the content or structure. Firstly, among the techniques to combat the challenge is to have stricter punishments. When taking the sec urity of your organization into consideration, it's important to realize the disposition of cyber crime generally speaking. Therefore, there's a decrease in productivity in the business especially whenever the business takes a great deal of time in developing relevant measures to cut back the cyber crimes. Maybe the best weapon against crime is your education on the best way to prevent crime. In my opinion it's an extremely significant crime and it certainly isn't a victimless crime,'' Harrington explained. To conclude it's clear to realize that positivist criminologies do add to our comprehension of the potential causes of crime. however, it cannot explain all crime. All through the USA of America, the source of crime appear to be identical in nature. The sociological causes of crime are the key causes of crime. Therefore a multi theoretical strategy is most appropriate for investigating crime. Key Pieces of Crime Essay Topics It is possible to also restate the ideas you've discussed in the body paragraphs in order to make your point valid. On the flip side, you can develop your own topic by using our ideas. You will obviously not have the capacity to predict the precise topic that will come up. When you own a topic and a list of references, you might want to write down all of the critical points you should include, developing a plan for your justice paper that could be developed into the very first draft just by describing each point. The Characteristics of Crime Essay Topics Criminals also have caused accidents merely to get you to pull over. Business Watch is an excellent program and can be immensely helpful to the community and the police in the struggle against crime, Echtenkamp explained. Kids doing a gang initiation will attempt to get the weakest victim they are able to preferably elderly and women.

Using Five Paragraphs As Classical Argument Essay Examples

Using Five Paragraphs As Classical Argument Essay ExamplesFor writing an essay on any topic you can use five paragraphs as examples for your composition. If you have three people who have to contribute a large amount of time and energy to the piece, the length of the essay will depend on how many paragraphs you write in comparison to the number of contributors. Consider these examples of research paper examples. You should also remember that this is just a sampling of what you can do.For an article that discusses ancient Rome, it is highly recommended that you use these five paragraphs as important classical argument essay samples. Of course, the structure should be a little different since the passage you are going to use is long and can possibly be included in more than one paragraph. It is best if you start with a very short article that contains four or five paragraphs, although it is not necessary to use these paragraphs for an argument. In this way, you can provide a sample of how it is done for the next section of your paper.In the first paragraph basis, you should provide information about yourself and how you came to write the paper. Explain what your essay is about, how you came to the topic, why you came to it and the way in which you plan to proceed with it. In addition, you should describe the importance of the topic and how it relates to the rest of the paper. In this manner, you can cover the main points of the paper.The second paragraph should present information about the individuals whom you expect to be involved in the thesis statement. In addition, you should provide some information about the field of study that you are covering. This way, you can avoid the risk of confusing the students. It is best if you use one paragraph to describe the student body and another paragraph to describe the subject of the paper.In the third paragraph, provide the location where the author has gathered all of the information needed to support the argument tha t they are writing. This includes information on the date of the article and the source. Make sure that you have complete details about the individuals who were interviewed, the locations, the dates and locations where the interview took place and the types of interviews conducted. Also, there should be a discussion about the possibility of these interviews being conducted by telephone or computer.In the fourth paragraph, describe the individuals that have come to you for their comments. To make the document interesting, it is best if you include different views from different individuals. It is also a good idea to use different perspectives in one paragraph so that you can provide additional material to support your case.The fifth paragraph should explain why you are making this presentation. Some of the classic examples include interviewing people who are older than you, interviewing people who have recently passed away, interviewing people who have recently left their jobs and so on. It is very important that you remember to tell the students who will be reading your paper why you are writing it. The fifth paragraph should be included after the author's name.You should also read the conclusion of each paragraph to make sure that you have read and understood everything. Also, when you are completing the sections of the paper, make sure that you pay attention to the three-line statement, the conclusion and the introduction. Be sure that you are using the same paragraph format as in the first paragraph. This will allow you to save time and effort.